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In a 2022 analysis of 200 terms, researchers found a broad pattern of valence-dependent mutation for which negative words saw a faster rate of cognate replacement—blank the rate at which a word will be replaced over time with a noncognate form. Adjectives (e.g., “afraid”) saw the largest effect; nouns (e.g., “attack”), meanwhile, saw the smallest.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Explanation
Choice D is the best answer. "That is" logically signals that the information that follows in the sentence clarifies a term used in the previous discussion of the researchers’ findings: cognate replacement.
Choice A is incorrect because "for example" illogically signals that the information that follows in the sentence provides a specific example of the research findings described earlier. Instead, it clarifies a term introduced earlier in the sentence. Choice B is incorrect because "likewise" illogically signals that the information that follows in the sentence is similar to the previous information about the researchers’ findings. Instead, it clarifies a term introduced earlier in the sentence. Choice C is incorrect because "in addition" illogically signals that the information that follows in the sentence merely adds to the previous information about the researchers’ findings. Instead, it clarifies a term introduced earlier in the sentence.